The Development Trends of Existing Building Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction
Abstract
The energy conservation of existing buildings is critical in
reducing global carbon emissions and building energy consumption. Research on
building energy conservation typically focuses on both existing and new
buildings. However, studies specifically addressing the energy conservation of
existing buildings are relatively limited and often lack a systematic and
in-depth review. This study utilizes bibliometric and qualitative analysis
methods to select and analyze relevant literature from 2008 to 2022, aiming to
provide a comprehensive review.
Seven key indicators were chosen to evaluate the selected
articles: impact factor, total publications, average publication year,
total/average citations, and total/average normative citations. These
indicators were analyzed by country, institution, journal, keywords, and highly
cited literature. Through this analysis, three major research themes in
existing building energy efficiency were identified:
- Influencing
Factors and Energy-Saving Obstacles of Energy Consumption
- Energy-Saving
Measures
- Energy-Saving
Optimization and Its Evaluation Method
Based on the bibliometric results, the study qualitatively
analyzes highly cited literature and the latest research outcomes to identify
future development trends and potential directions for energy conservation in
existing buildings throughout their life cycle.
Key Findings and Recommendations
Influencing Factors and Energy-Saving Obstacles
Understanding the factors influencing energy consumption and
the obstacles to energy-saving is essential. These factors include building
age, design, maintenance practices, and occupant behavior. Identifying and
overcoming these obstacles is crucial for effective energy conservation.
Energy-Saving Measures
Several energy-saving measures have been proposed and
implemented in existing buildings, such as:
- Improved
Insulation: Enhancing the thermal performance of building envelopes.
- Efficient
HVAC Systems: Upgrading to high-efficiency heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning systems.
- Lighting
Upgrades: Replacing traditional lighting with LED or other
energy-efficient alternatives.
- Smart
Controls: Utilizing smart thermostats and building management systems
to optimize energy use.
Energy-Saving Optimization and Evaluation
Optimization techniques and evaluation methods for
energy-saving measures are vital for assessing their effectiveness and guiding
future improvements. These include:
- Energy
Audits: Conducting comprehensive energy audits to identify areas of
improvement.
- Simulation
Models: Using building energy simulation models to predict and
optimize energy performance.
- Performance
Metrics: Establishing key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor and
evaluate energy savings.
Future Development Trends
Based on the analysis, future trends in energy conservation
for existing buildings are identified as follows:
- Technology
Empowerment
- Renewable
Energy Integration: Utilizing solar, wind, and other renewable energy
sources.
- Negative
Carbon Technologies: Implementing technologies that capture and store
carbon emissions.
- Advanced
Technologies: Leveraging "artificial intelligence + Internet of
Things + 5G" and cogeneration systems for enhanced energy
management.
- Regulations
and Policy Incentives
- Demand
Response Strategies: Implementing time-of-use pricing and other
strategies to guide and restrict user behavior.
- Carbon
Tax and Trading: Considering carbon taxes and carbon trading to
incentivize energy conservation.
- Resilient
Distribution Grids: Increasing the capacity and resilience of
distribution grids to support energy-efficient buildings.
Conclusion
This comprehensive review provides innovative ideas for the
energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. By utilizing advanced
technologies and formulating effective regulations and policy incentives,
existing buildings can become energy-efficient, economical, intelligent, and
comfortable in the future. The study highlights the importance of a holistic
approach, considering the entire life cycle of buildings to achieve significant
energy conservation and emission reduction.
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